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  • Volume 14, Issue 3

Principal component analysis to assess the efficiency and mechanism for ultraviolet-C/polyaluminum chloride enhanced coagulation of algae-laden water

Hua-Se Ou, Chao-Hai Wei, Yang Deng, Nai-Yun Gao
Published June 2014, 14 (3) 493-503; DOI: 10.2166/ws.2013.225
Hua-Se Ou
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail: cechwei@scut.edu.cn
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Chao-Hai Wei
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China E-mail: cechwei@scut.edu.cn
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Yang Deng
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey, 07043, USA
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Nai-Yun Gao
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Abstract

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) coagulation, short wavelength ultraviolet (UV-C at 254 nm) treatment and UV-C/PAC treatment of algae-laden water from Meiliang Gulf (Lake Taihu) were conducted. The intrinsic characteristics and correlations of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), algae biomass and other contaminants were investigated. Parallel factor analysis determined four CDOM components, and principal component analysis (PCA) identified three integrated principal factors. PCA Factor 1 had correlations with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (r = 0.798), UV254 (0.645), humic-like CDOM component C3 (0.892) and C4 (0.876), and Factor 2 correlated with in vivo chlorophyll-a (0.768), microcystin-LR (0.713), protein-like C1 (0.782) and C2 (0.759). Factor 3 had correlations with NH3-N (0.851) and total phosphorus (T-P) (0.716). The variation in PCA factor scores revealed that single PAC coagulation preferentially removed algal cells (Factor 2) but had little effect on NH3-N and T-P (Factor 3). Single UV-C treatment induced degradation of protein-like CDOM and decrease of algal biomass (Factor 2), followed by humic-like CDOM increase from ruptured cells (Factors 1 and 3). Compared with single PAC coagulation (20 mg L−1), the combined UV-C/PAC treatment (700 mJ cm−2 + 20 mg L−1) enhanced the removal of PCA Factors 1, 2 and 3 (15%, 32% and 10%).

  • algae
  • CDOM
  • coagulation
  • PCA
  • ultraviolet
  • Received July 30, 2013.
  • Accepted December 16, 2013.
  • © IWA Publishing 2014

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Water Science and Technology: Water Supply: 18 (2)
  Volume 14, Issue 3

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Principal component analysis to assess the efficiency and mechanism for ultraviolet-C/polyaluminum chloride enhanced coagulation of algae-laden water
Hua-Se Ou, Chao-Hai Wei, Yang Deng, Nai-Yun Gao
Water Science and Technology: Water Supply Jun 2014, 14 (3) 493-503; DOI: 10.2166/ws.2013.225
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Principal component analysis to assess the efficiency and mechanism for ultraviolet-C/polyaluminum chloride enhanced coagulation of algae-laden water
Hua-Se Ou, Chao-Hai Wei, Yang Deng, Nai-Yun Gao
Water Science and Technology: Water Supply Jun 2014, 14 (3) 493-503; DOI: 10.2166/ws.2013.225

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Keywords

algae
CDOM
Coagulation
PCA
ultraviolet
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